Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed; Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

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Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed, Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed

Published in Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 6)

Received: 23 August 2015 Accepted: 6 September 2015 Published: 9 October 2015

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Abstract

One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by team of doctors from Shendi hospitals to determine the presence of goiter and it is grades. The assessment was done by palpation procedure according to world health organization (WHO,1990) and The International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) criteria. The distribution of goiter incidence among schoolchildren was 14.6% and 54.6% of them were females (15.8% in females and 13.3% in males). Grade 1A goiter was more prevalent (75.2% of goitrous cases). High incidence of goiter was observed in southern Shendi (23.4%) and low incidence in eastern (11.3%).

Published in	Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
Page(s)	117-120
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Shendi, Goiter, Goitrous, Goitrogens and Iodine

References

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[2]	Andersson M., Takkouche B., Egli I., Allen H. and Benoist B. (2005). Current global iodine status and progress over the last decade towards the elimination of iodine deficiency. Bull. World Health Organ. 83 (7): 518–25. PMC, 2626287, PMID16175826.
[3]	Brent A. (1994). Mechanisms of disease: The molecular basis of thyroid hormone action. New Eng J Med 331:847-853.
[4]	Danish MI. (2005) Short textbook of pathology. Johar publications. 3rd edition. pp: 275 – 285.
[5]	Delange F., Benker G. and Caron PH. (1997). Thyroid volume and urinary iodine in European schoolchildren. Standardization of values for assessment of iodine deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol; 136:180.
[6]	Eltom M, Hofvander Y, Torelm I and Fellstron B. (1984). Endemic goiter in the Darfur region (Sudan). Acta Med Scand. 215:467- 475.
[7]	Ganong WF. (1995). Review of medical physiology, alange medical book. Appleton & Lange, Norwalk, CT. 17th edition p: 290 –306.
[8]	Natural Health Information Centre (NHIC). (2005). Iodine. Metabolic control, modulation of oestrogen and foetal health. www.Natural-Health-Information-Centre.com.
[9]	Prescott E, Netterstrom B, Faber J, et al. Effect of occupational exposure to cobalt blue dyes on the thyroid volume and function of female plate painters. Scand J Work Environ Health1992; 18:101-4.
[10]	Satoskar RS. Bhandarkar SD. and Ainapure SS. (1997). Pharmacology and phamacotherapeutics.Popular prakashan. Mumbai. 15th edition. P: 828 - 843.
[11]	WHO and ICCIDD. (1990). A practical guide to correction of iodine deficiency. Manual No.3.
[12]	World Health Organization. (2001). Assessment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Monitoring their Elimination: a guide for programmed managers. 2nd Edition. Geneva.
[13]	World Health Organization (2008). Iodine deficiency and therapeutic considerations. Altern Med Rev 13 (2): 116. PMID 18590348.

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Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed, Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed. (2015). Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 4(6), 117-120. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

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ACS Style

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed; Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed. Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2015, 4(6), 117-120. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

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AMA Style

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed, Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed. Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan. Sci J Clin Med. 2015;4(6):117-120. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11,
  author = {Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed and Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed},
  title = {Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {117-120},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20150406.11},
  abstract = {One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by team of doctors from Shendi hospitals to determine the presence of goiter and it is grades. The assessment was done by palpation procedure according to world health organization (WHO,1990) and The International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) criteria. The distribution of goiter incidence among schoolchildren was 14.6% and 54.6% of them were females (15.8% in females and 13.3% in males). Grade 1A goiter was more prevalent (75.2% of goitrous cases). High incidence of goiter was observed in southern Shendi (23.4%) and low incidence in eastern (11.3%).},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan
AU  - Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed
AU  - Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed
Y1  - 2015/10/09
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 117
EP  - 120
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
AB  - One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by team of doctors from Shendi hospitals to determine the presence of goiter and it is grades. The assessment was done by palpation procedure according to world health organization (WHO,1990) and The International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) criteria. The distribution of goiter incidence among schoolchildren was 14.6% and 54.6% of them were females (15.8% in females and 13.3% in males). Grade 1A goiter was more prevalent (75.2% of goitrous cases). High incidence of goiter was observed in southern Shendi (23.4%) and low incidence in eastern (11.3%).
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shendi University, Shendi, Sudan
Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed

Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Shendi University, Shendi, Sudan

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APA Style

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed, Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed. (2015). Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 4(6), 117-120. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

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ACS Style

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed; Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed. Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2015, 4(6), 117-120. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

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AMA Style

Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed, Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed. Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan. Sci J Clin Med. 2015;4(6):117-120. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11,
  author = {Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed and Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed},
  title = {Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {117-120},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20150406.11},
  abstract = {One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by team of doctors from Shendi hospitals to determine the presence of goiter and it is grades. The assessment was done by palpation procedure according to world health organization (WHO,1990) and The International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) criteria. The distribution of goiter incidence among schoolchildren was 14.6% and 54.6% of them were females (15.8% in females and 13.3% in males). Grade 1A goiter was more prevalent (75.2% of goitrous cases). High incidence of goiter was observed in southern Shendi (23.4%) and low incidence in eastern (11.3%).},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan
AU  - Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed
AU  - Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed
Y1  - 2015/10/09
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 117
EP  - 120
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20150406.11
AB  - One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by team of doctors from Shendi hospitals to determine the presence of goiter and it is grades. The assessment was done by palpation procedure according to world health organization (WHO,1990) and The International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) criteria. The distribution of goiter incidence among schoolchildren was 14.6% and 54.6% of them were females (15.8% in females and 13.3% in males). Grade 1A goiter was more prevalent (75.2% of goitrous cases). High incidence of goiter was observed in southern Shendi (23.4%) and low incidence in eastern (11.3%).
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download