Maintaining soil fertility necessitates applying inorganic and organic fertilizer sources in balance. Vegetable crops cannot be successfully produced without proper plant nutrition. Though little is known about it, okra is a crop that is commonly farmed in western Ethiopia and is rather adaptable. Grown across Ethiopia, okra is a vegetable crop with significant economic value, especially in the southwest region. For okra's output to increase integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizer on yield and yield components is essential. By optimizing the benefits from all available plant nutrient sources in an integrated manner, integrated nutrient supply/management, or INS, aims to maintain or improve soil fertility and plant nutrient supply to an optimal level for sustaining the desired crop productivity. This includes enhancing or maintaining soil productivity through a balanced use of fertilizers that are organic and biological sources of plant nutrients. Increase the amount and effectiveness of plant nutrients in the soils to reduce losses to the environment. However, the integrated nutrient management system (INMS) continues to be the means of preserving and perhaps enhancing soil fertility for long-term crop yield and lowering the cost of inorganic (fertilizer) inputs for all agricultural production.
Published in | International Journal of Food Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 2) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13 |
Page(s) | 34-41 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Integrated Nutrient, Okra, Plant, Organic Fertilizer, Chemical Fertilizer
[1] | Abeykoon, A. M. K. C. K., Fonseka, R. M., Paththinige, S. and Weerasinghe. K. W. L. K. (2010). Fertilizer Requirement for Densely Planted Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Journal Tropical Agricultural Research, Sri Lanka 21(3): 275 – 283. |
[2] | Adhikari, A. and Piya, A., (2020). Effect of different sources of nutrient on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech). International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research, 6(1), pp. 45-50. |
[3] | Ahmad, I., M. Asif, A. Amjad and S. Ahmad, (2011). Fertilization enhances growth, yield and xanthophyll contents of marigold. Turk. J. Agric. For., 35: 641-648. |
[4] | Ahmed, A. Abdulhameed, S. R. Yusuf and M. Aliyu, (2006). “Comparative study of the defoliatory activities of Podagrica sjotedti and P. uniforma (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on two intercropped okra varieties in Bauchi State, Nigeria Savannah,” Journal of Agriculture, vol. 1, pp. 12-14. |
[5] | Akande, M. O.; F. I. Oluwatoyinbo; E. A. Makinde; A. S. Adepoju; and I. S. Adeadepoju (2010). Response of okra to organic and inorganic fertilization. Nature and Science, 8 (II): 261-266. |
[6] | Akinrinde EA, Olubakin DA, Omoloso SO, Ahmed AA (2006). Agric J 1(2): 96–103. |
[7] | Ali MS, D Majumder, SK Talukder, ZH Zahid, P Datta, MJ Rahman and K Hossen, (2023). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the growth and yield performance of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in coastal zone of Bangladesh. Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries, 10(1): 53-60. |
[8] | Baghel B, R Sahu and D Pandey, 2018. Vermicomposting an economical enterprise for nutrient and waste management for rural agriculture. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(2): 3754-3758. |
[9] | Benchasri, S., (2012). Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) as a valuable vegetable of the world. Field & Vegetable Crops Research/Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, 49(1). |
[10] | Bertrand, G. N., Patrice, N. M., Souleymane, S., Pacôme, K. N., Gilchrist, K. E. Y., Patrick, D. J., Fatim, K. D. S., Daouda, K. and Sorho, F. (2024). Effect of Biofertilizers on the Agromorphological Parameters of three Okra Cultivars in Southern Côte d’Ivoire. Agricultural Sciences, 15, 408-422. |
[11] | Bharthy, R. B., Sankaran, M. and Subramani, T., (2017). Effect of integrated nutrient management on nutrient uptake and yield of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] under islands conditions. |
[12] | Christo EI., and Onuh MO., (2005). Influence of Plant Spacing on the Growth and Yield of Okro (Abelmoschus esculantus (L) Moenah. Proceedings of the 39th Conference of the Agricultural Society of Nigeria (ASN) held at Benin, 9 th -13th October, 612-53. |
[13] | Conley, D. J., Paerl, H. W., Howarth, R. W., Boesch, D. F., Seitzinger, S. P., Havens, K. E., Lancelot, C. and Likens, G. E., (2009). Controlling eutrophication: nitrogen and phosphorus. Science, 323(5917), pp. 1014-1015. |
[14] | Coulibaly, S. S., Touré, M., Kouamé, A. E., Kambou, I. C., Soro, S. Y., Yéo, K. I., Koné, S. and Zoro, B. I., (2021). Vermicompost as an alternative to inorganic fertilizer to improve okra productivity in Cote d’Ivoire. Open Journal of Soil Science, 11(1), pp. 1-12. |
[15] | Dekissa T, Short I, Allen J (2008). In proceedings of theUCWR/ NIWA Annual conference. Intl Water Resources Education; July 22–24, Durhan, NC. |
[16] | Devender Kumar and Sanjay Kumar (2022). Effect of Nitrogen and Biofertilizers on Growth Parameter of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 14(2): 1567-1570. |
[17] | Ding, L., Wang, K. J., Jiang, G. M., Biswas, D. K., Xu, H., Li, L. F., Li, Y. H. (2005). Effects of nitrogen deficiency on photosynthetic traits of maize hybrids released in different years. Annals of Botanyl, 96, 925–930. |
[18] | Dong H, W Li, W Tang and D Zhang, (2008). Furrow seeding with plastic mulching increases stand establishment and lint yield of cotton in a saline field. Agronomy Journal, 100(6): 1640-1646. |
[19] | Echarte, L., S., Rothstein, S., & Tollenaar, M. (2008). The Response of Leaf Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Accumulation to Nitrogen Supply in an Older and a Newer Maize Hybrid. Crop. Sci., 48(2), 656–665. |
[20] | Facknath S. and Lalljee B. (2005). Effect of soil-applied complex fertiliser on an insect – host plant relationship: Liriomyza trifoliion Solanum tuberosum. Entomologia Experimentaliset Applicata, 15(1), 67–77. |
[21] | Fathi, A. (2022). Role of nitrogen (N) in plant growth, photosynthesis pigments, and N use efficiency: A review. Agrisost, 28, 1-8. |
[22] | Fathi, A. and Zeidali, E., (2021). Conservation tillage and nitrogen fertilizer: a review of corn growth and yield and weed management. Central Asian Journal of Plant Science Innovation, 1(3), pp. 121-142. |
[23] | Fathi, A., Farnia, A., & Maleki, A. (2016). Effects of biological nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on vegetative characteristics, dry matter and yield of corn. Appl. F. Crop. Res., 29, 1–7. |
[24] | Gebreslassie, H. B., 2016. Effect of potasium fertilizer on crop production. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 6(7), pp. 81-86. |
[25] | Gemede HF, Ratta N, Haki GD, Woldegiorgis AZ, Beyene F. (2014). Nutritional quality and health benefits of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus): a review. Food Sci. Qual. Manage. 33: 87-96. |
[26] | Ghanbarian, D. A. V. O. U. D., Youneji, S. A. F. O. U. R. A., Fallah, S. E. Y. F. O. L. L. A. H. and Farhadi, A., 2008. Effect of broiler litter on physical properties, growth and yield of two cultivars of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo). |
[27] | Gulsen, O. Suleyman Karaqul, S., & Abak, K. (2007). Diversity and relationships among Turkish okra germplasm by SRAP and phenotypic marker polymorphism. Biologia, Bratislava, 62/1: 41-45. |
[28] | Habtamu Fekadu, Negussie Ratta, Gulelat Desse Haki and Ashagrie Z. Woldegiorgis Fekadu Beyene (2014). Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus): A Review. Global Journal of Medical Research: K Interdisciplinary 14(5): 28-37. |
[29] | Harpal Singh, H. S., Singh, R. P., Yadav, R. R., Bareliya, P. K., Bharti, A. K. and Pawan Kumar, P. K., (2018). Effect of FYM and phosphorus on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). |
[30] | Herbert, S. J. (1998). Deptt. Of Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst Crops, Dairy, Livestock News. 3: 1. |
[31] | Heuer, S., Gaxiola, R., Schilling, R., Herrera‐Estrella, L., López‐Arredondo, D., Wissuwa, M., Delhaize, E. and Rouached, H., 2017. Improving phosphorus use efficiency: a complex trait with emerging opportunities. The Plant Journal, 90(5), pp. 868-885. |
[32] | Ibeh, C. U., Nsoanya, L. and Nweke, I. A., (2019). Effect of poultry manure on growth and yield of local varieties of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Available at SSRN 3463853. |
[33] | Ibrahim, U. and Hamma, I. L., (2012). Influence of farmyard manure and weeding regimes on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in Zaria. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(5), pp. 453-458. |
[34] | Jordao C. P., Nascentes C. C., Cecon P. R., Fontes R. L. F., Pereira J. L. (2006). Heavy metal availability in soil amended with composted urban solid wastes. Environmental Monitoring Assessment 112: 309-326. |
[35] | Khan, F., Siddique, A. B., Shabala, S., Zhou, M. and Zhao, C., (2023). Phosphorus plays key roles in regulating plants’ physiological responses to abiotic stresses. Plants, 12(15), p. 2861. |
[36] | Kovshov, S. V. and Iconnicov, D. A. (2017). Growing of grass, radish, onion and marigolds in vermicompost made from pig manure and wheat straw. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 51(4): 327-332. |
[37] | Kumar, D. S., Tony D. E., Kumar, A. P., K., Kumar, A., Rao, D. B. S., & d. Ramarao Nadendla, d. R. (2013). A Review on: Abelmochus Esculentus (Okra). Int. Res J Pharm. App Sci.; 3(4): 129-132 ISSN: 2277-4149. |
[38] | Lakudzala, D. D., (2013). Potassium response in some Malawi soils. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 8, pp. 175-181. |
[39] | Leghari, S. J., Wahocho, N. A., Laghari, G. M., HafeezLaghari, A., MustafaBhabhan, G., HussainTalpur, K., Bhutto, T. A., Wahocho, S. A. and Lashari, A. A., (2016). Role of nitrogen for plant growth and development: A review. Advances in Environmental Biology, 10(9), pp. 209-219. |
[40] | Lim SL, LH Lee and TY Wu, 2016. Sustainability of using composting and vermicomposting technologies for organic solid waste biotransformation: recent overview, greenhouse gases emissions and economic analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 111: 262-278. |
[41] | Mal, B., Mahapatra, P., Mohanty, S., & Mishra, H. N. (2013). Growth and yield parameters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) influenced by Diazotrophs and chemical fertilizers. Journal of Crop and Weed, 9(2), 109–112. |
[42] | Maurya PK, Yadav LM, Patel P, Thakur G. (2018). Effect of micronutrients application on quality and shelf life of kharif onion (Allium cepa L.). International Journal of Chemical Studies; 6(2): 1121-1124. |
[43] | Mihretu Y, Wayessa G, Adugna D. (2014). Multivariate Analysis among Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) Collection in South Western Ethiopia. J. Plant Sci. 9(2): 43-50. |
[44] | Mimi, I., (2021). Effect of potassium and phosphorus on growth and yield of okra in rooftop And Field. |
[45] | Naim, A. H. and Abker, N. M., (2016). Effects of chicken manure and nitrogenous fertilizer on growth, yield and yield components of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Monech) under rainfed conditions. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 7(6), pp. 594-601. |
[46] | Ndunguru J, Rajabu AC. (2004). Effect of okra mosaic virus disease on the above-ground morphological yield components of okra in Tanzania. Sci. Hort. 99: 225-235. |
[47] | Nyande, A., George, M. S., Kassoh, F. A. and Bah, A. M., (2021). Growth and yield response of okra (Ablemochus esculentus) to varying rates of different sources of organic soil amendments at Njala, Moyamba District, Southern Sierra Leone. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 17(8), pp. 1144-1154. |
[48] |
Olaniyi, J. O, W. B. Akanbi., O. A. Olaniran & O. T. Ilupeju (2010). The effect of organo-mineral and inorganic fertilizers on the growth, fruit yield, quality and chemical compositions of okra. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 1: 1135- 1140.
http://www.biosciences.elewa.org/JA PS; ISSN 2071 – 7024 |
[49] | Osawaru, M. E. and Dania-Ogbe, F. M. (2010). Ethnobotanical studies of west-African okra [Abelmoschus caillei (a. Chev) stevels] from some tribes of south western Nigeria. Science World Journal, vol. 5, no. 1. |
[50] | Pandav AK, Nalla MK, Aslam T, Rana MK, Bommesh JC. (2016). Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield parameters in Eggplant cv HLB 12. Environment and Ecology; 35(3): 1745-1748. |
[51] | Paz-Ares, J., Puga, M. I., Rojas-Triana, M., Martinez-Hevia, I., Diaz, S., Poza-Carrión, C., Miñambres, M. and Leyva, A., (2022). Plant adaptation to low phosphorus availability: Core signaling, crosstalks, and applied implications. Molecular Plant, 15(1), pp. 104-124. |
[52] | Perrenoud, S., (1977). Potassium and plant health (No. 3, pp. 218-pp). Berne: International Potash Institute. |
[53] | Rahman, R., Sofi, J. A., Javeed, I., Malik, T. H. and Nisar, S., (2020). Role of micronutrients in crop production. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8, pp. 2265-2287. |
[54] | Rehm, G. and Schmitt, M., (2002). Potassium for crop production. Retrieved February, 2, p. 2011. |
[55] | Sachan, S., Singh, D., Kasera, S., Mishra, S. K., Tripathi, Y., Mishra, V., & Singh, R. K. (2017). Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Moench) for Better Growth and Higher Yield. Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(5), 1854–1856. |
[56] | Saha, T., Ahmad, M. and Das, G.,(2020). Potassium-based fertilizer potentially reduces the incidence of sucking insects on okra and increases marketable yield. |
[57] | Sangeeth, K. P. (2016). Integrated plant nutrient system–with special emphasis on mineral nutriton and biofertilizers for Black pepper and cardamom–A review. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 42, 439–453. |
[58] | Sarfraz, S., Ali, F., Hameed, A., Ahmad, Z. and Riaz, K., (2023). Sustainable agriculture through technological innovations. In Sustainable agriculture in the era of the OMICs revolution (pp. 223-239). Cham: Springer International Publishing. |
[59] | Singh, S., Bharose, R., Thomas, T. and Toppo, N., (2023). Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Okra Crop (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) var. Deepika. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 13(9), pp. 112-115. |
[60] | Torkpo, S. K., Danquah, E. Y., Offei, S. K. and Blay, E. T. (2006). Esterase, total protein and seed storage protein diversity in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). West Africa Journal of Applied Ecology (WAJAE) Ghana 9: 1-7. |
[61] | Uddin, AFMJ., Rakibuzzaman, M., Adrita, P., Sharmin, S. and Husna, M. A. (2021). Influence of Bio-fertilizer concentration on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Int. J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Res. 10(1): 01–05. Retrieve from |
[62] | Varmudy, V., (2011). Marketing Survey needed to boost okra exports. Department of economic Vive Kananda College, Puttur Karnataka, p. P1. |
[63] | Xu, S., Huang, Y., Zhang, R., Niu, L. and Long, H., 2024. Appropriate Nitrogen Application for Alleviation of Soil Moisture-Driven Growth Inhibition of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.(Moench)). Horticulturae, 10(5), p. 425. |
[64] | Yadav, D. S. & Kumar, A. (2009). Long-term effect of nutrient management on soil health and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 54, 15–23. |
APA Style
Gaddisa, M. M. (2024). Review on Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Components of Okra in Ethiopia. International Journal of Food Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13
ACS Style
Gaddisa, M. M. Review on Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Components of Okra in Ethiopia. Int. J. Food Eng. Technol. 2024, 8(2), 34-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13
@article{10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13, author = {Mathewos Misgana Gaddisa}, title = {Review on Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Components of Okra in Ethiopia }, journal = {International Journal of Food Engineering and Technology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {34-41}, doi = {10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijfet.20240802.13}, abstract = {Maintaining soil fertility necessitates applying inorganic and organic fertilizer sources in balance. Vegetable crops cannot be successfully produced without proper plant nutrition. Though little is known about it, okra is a crop that is commonly farmed in western Ethiopia and is rather adaptable. Grown across Ethiopia, okra is a vegetable crop with significant economic value, especially in the southwest region. For okra's output to increase integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizer on yield and yield components is essential. By optimizing the benefits from all available plant nutrient sources in an integrated manner, integrated nutrient supply/management, or INS, aims to maintain or improve soil fertility and plant nutrient supply to an optimal level for sustaining the desired crop productivity. This includes enhancing or maintaining soil productivity through a balanced use of fertilizers that are organic and biological sources of plant nutrients. Increase the amount and effectiveness of plant nutrients in the soils to reduce losses to the environment. However, the integrated nutrient management system (INMS) continues to be the means of preserving and perhaps enhancing soil fertility for long-term crop yield and lowering the cost of inorganic (fertilizer) inputs for all agricultural production. }, year = {2024} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Review on Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Components of Okra in Ethiopia AU - Mathewos Misgana Gaddisa Y1 - 2024/12/25 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13 T2 - International Journal of Food Engineering and Technology JF - International Journal of Food Engineering and Technology JO - International Journal of Food Engineering and Technology SP - 34 EP - 41 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2640-1584 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijfet.20240802.13 AB - Maintaining soil fertility necessitates applying inorganic and organic fertilizer sources in balance. Vegetable crops cannot be successfully produced without proper plant nutrition. Though little is known about it, okra is a crop that is commonly farmed in western Ethiopia and is rather adaptable. Grown across Ethiopia, okra is a vegetable crop with significant economic value, especially in the southwest region. For okra's output to increase integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizer on yield and yield components is essential. By optimizing the benefits from all available plant nutrient sources in an integrated manner, integrated nutrient supply/management, or INS, aims to maintain or improve soil fertility and plant nutrient supply to an optimal level for sustaining the desired crop productivity. This includes enhancing or maintaining soil productivity through a balanced use of fertilizers that are organic and biological sources of plant nutrients. Increase the amount and effectiveness of plant nutrients in the soils to reduce losses to the environment. However, the integrated nutrient management system (INMS) continues to be the means of preserving and perhaps enhancing soil fertility for long-term crop yield and lowering the cost of inorganic (fertilizer) inputs for all agricultural production. VL - 8 IS - 2 ER -