Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN

Dipo Mahto; Rama Nand Mehta; Umakant Prasad; Raj Kumar Sah; Krishna Murari Singh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN

Dipo Mahto, Rama Nand Mehta, Umakant Prasad, Raj Kumar Sah, Krishna Murari Singh

Published in International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science (Volume 1, Issue 4)

Received: 2 October 2013 Published: 30 October 2013

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Abstract

Neeraj Pant et al.(2010) gave a detailed study of BCT First solution (Tewari,1988) representing time dependent balls of perfect fluid with matter-radiation in general relativity to assume the life time of quasar 107 years, initial mass≈108M with an initial linear dimension≈1015 cm are radiating energy at a constant rate i.e. L∞=1047 ergs/sec with the gravitational red shift, z=0.44637. For quasars with LQSO~1046erg/sec, the black hole masses in those systems must be at least 108 solar masses (Astro 3830: Spring 2004). In the present work, we have calculated the radiative efficiency of black holes existing in AGN by using the formula L/Mc2 (Narayan2005, Xie & Yuan 2012) and compared our results regarding some characteristics of super massive black holes with some other works given in references like Astro 3830:Spring (2004), Narayan (2005), Xie & Yuan (2012) and Chan (2013) and concluded that the mass of black holes never be greater than 5×109 M⊙ as well as the radiative efficiency of black hole is smaller than the same mass of quasars.

Published in	International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science (Volume 1, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
Page(s)	52-55
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

XRBs, Radiative Efficiency, AGN

References

[1]	B. Mckernan, K.E.S. Ford and C. S. Reynolds: Black hole mass, Host galaxy classification and AGN activity. arXiv: 10054907vi[astro-ph].26 May 2010.
[2]	L. Ferrarese & H. Ford: Super massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei: Past Present & Future Research, Space Science Reviews 116:523-624, 2005.
[3]	A. C. Fabian: "Broad iron lines in AGN and X-ray binaries." Astrophysics and space Science 300: 97-105, 2005, DOI: 10.1007/s10509-005-1203-x.
[4]	Neeraj Pant & B.C. Tiwari: "Horizon- free gravitational collapse of radiating fluid sphere." Astrophys and space science (2010).
[5]	R. Narayan: Black Holes in Astrophysics, New Journal Physics, Vol. 7, No.1, 2005, pp1-31.
[6]	Fu-Guo Xie and Feng Yuan: The Radiative Efficiency of Hot Accretion Flows. arXiv :1207.3113v2[astro-ph.] 3 Sept. 2012.
[7]	M.H. Chan: Shaping the relation between the mass of the super massive black holes and the velocity dispersion of galactic bulges, Astrophys Space Science. DOI: 10.1007/s 10509-013-1373-x, May 2013, Volume 345, issue 1, pp195-198.
[8]	D. Mahto, V. Prakash, B.K.Singh, K.M. Singh: Change in entropy of Non-spinning black holes w.r.t. the radius of event horizon in XRBs, Astrophys SpaceSci. Doi 10.1007/s10509-012-1219-y (2012).
[9]	Mahto, D, Nadeem, M. D., Prasad, U., Kumar, A.& Singh, K.M.: Change in entropy of Non-spinning black holes w.r.t. the radius of event horizon in AGN, Journal of Modern Physics, doi:10.4236/jmp.2013.43043, March 2013.
[10]	W.L.W. Sargent. et al. :Dynamical Evidence for a Central Mass Concentration in the Galaxy M87, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 221, 1978, p.731.
[11]	Astro 3830: Spring 2004.

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APA Style

Dipo Mahto, Rama Nand Mehta, Umakant Prasad, Raj Kumar Sah, Krishna Murari Singh. (2013). Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN. International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science, 1(4), 52-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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ACS Style

Dipo Mahto; Rama Nand Mehta; Umakant Prasad; Raj Kumar Sah; Krishna Murari Singh. Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN. Int. J. Astrophys. Space Sci. 2013, 1(4), 52-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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AMA Style

Dipo Mahto, Rama Nand Mehta, Umakant Prasad, Raj Kumar Sah, Krishna Murari Singh. Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN. Int J Astrophys Space Sci. 2013;1(4):52-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16,
  author = {Dipo Mahto and Rama Nand Mehta and Umakant Prasad and Raj Kumar Sah and Krishna Murari Singh},
  title = {Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN},
  journal = {International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science},
  volume = {1},
  number = {4},
  pages = {52-55},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijass.20130104.16},
  abstract = {Neeraj Pant et al.(2010) gave a detailed study of BCT First solution (Tewari,1988) representing time dependent balls of perfect fluid  with matter-radiation in general relativity to assume the life time of quasar 107 years, initial mass≈108M with an initial linear dimension≈1015 cm are radiating energy at a constant rate i.e. L∞=1047 ergs/sec  with the gravitational  red shift, z=0.44637.  For quasars with LQSO~1046erg/sec, the black hole masses in those systems must be at least 108 solar masses (Astro 3830: Spring 2004). In the present work, we have calculated the radiative efficiency of black holes existing in AGN by using the formula L/Mc2 (Narayan2005, Xie & Yuan 2012) and compared our results regarding some characteristics of super massive black holes with some other works given in references like Astro 3830:Spring (2004), Narayan (2005), Xie & Yuan (2012) and Chan (2013) and concluded that the mass of black holes never be greater than 5×109 M⊙ as well as the radiative efficiency of  black hole is smaller than the same mass of quasars.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN
AU  - Dipo Mahto
AU  - Rama Nand Mehta
AU  - Umakant Prasad
AU  - Raj Kumar Sah
AU  - Krishna Murari Singh
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
T2  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JF  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JO  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
SP  - 52
EP  - 55
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
AB  - Neeraj Pant et al.(2010) gave a detailed study of BCT First solution (Tewari,1988) representing time dependent balls of perfect fluid  with matter-radiation in general relativity to assume the life time of quasar 107 years, initial mass≈108M with an initial linear dimension≈1015 cm are radiating energy at a constant rate i.e. L∞=1047 ergs/sec  with the gravitational  red shift, z=0.44637.  For quasars with LQSO~1046erg/sec, the black hole masses in those systems must be at least 108 solar masses (Astro 3830: Spring 2004). In the present work, we have calculated the radiative efficiency of black holes existing in AGN by using the formula L/Mc2 (Narayan2005, Xie & Yuan 2012) and compared our results regarding some characteristics of super massive black holes with some other works given in references like Astro 3830:Spring (2004), Narayan (2005), Xie & Yuan (2012) and Chan (2013) and concluded that the mass of black holes never be greater than 5×109 M⊙ as well as the radiative efficiency of  black hole is smaller than the same mass of quasars.
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Dipo Mahto

Department of Physics, Marwari College, T.M.B.U. Bhagalpur-812007, India
Rama Nand Mehta

Department of Mathematics, T.M.B.U. Bhagalpur-812007, India
Umakant Prasad

Department of Physics, T. N. B. College, T.M.B.U. Bhagalpur-812007, India
Raj Kumar Sah

Dept. of Physics, S.S.V. College, Kahalgaon, T.M.B.U. Bhagalpur-812007, India
Krishna Murari Singh

Department of Physics, Marwari College, T.M.B.U. Bhagalpur-812007, India

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APA Style

Dipo Mahto, Rama Nand Mehta, Umakant Prasad, Raj Kumar Sah, Krishna Murari Singh. (2013). Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN. International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science, 1(4), 52-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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ACS Style

Dipo Mahto; Rama Nand Mehta; Umakant Prasad; Raj Kumar Sah; Krishna Murari Singh. Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN. Int. J. Astrophys. Space Sci. 2013, 1(4), 52-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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AMA Style

Dipo Mahto, Rama Nand Mehta, Umakant Prasad, Raj Kumar Sah, Krishna Murari Singh. Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN. Int J Astrophys Space Sci. 2013;1(4):52-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16,
  author = {Dipo Mahto and Rama Nand Mehta and Umakant Prasad and Raj Kumar Sah and Krishna Murari Singh},
  title = {Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN},
  journal = {International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science},
  volume = {1},
  number = {4},
  pages = {52-55},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijass.20130104.16},
  abstract = {Neeraj Pant et al.(2010) gave a detailed study of BCT First solution (Tewari,1988) representing time dependent balls of perfect fluid  with matter-radiation in general relativity to assume the life time of quasar 107 years, initial mass≈108M with an initial linear dimension≈1015 cm are radiating energy at a constant rate i.e. L∞=1047 ergs/sec  with the gravitational  red shift, z=0.44637.  For quasars with LQSO~1046erg/sec, the black hole masses in those systems must be at least 108 solar masses (Astro 3830: Spring 2004). In the present work, we have calculated the radiative efficiency of black holes existing in AGN by using the formula L/Mc2 (Narayan2005, Xie & Yuan 2012) and compared our results regarding some characteristics of super massive black holes with some other works given in references like Astro 3830:Spring (2004), Narayan (2005), Xie & Yuan (2012) and Chan (2013) and concluded that the mass of black holes never be greater than 5×109 M⊙ as well as the radiative efficiency of  black hole is smaller than the same mass of quasars.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radiative Efficiency of Black Holes in AGN
AU  - Dipo Mahto
AU  - Rama Nand Mehta
AU  - Umakant Prasad
AU  - Raj Kumar Sah
AU  - Krishna Murari Singh
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
T2  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JF  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
JO  - International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science
SP  - 52
EP  - 55
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20130104.16
AB  - Neeraj Pant et al.(2010) gave a detailed study of BCT First solution (Tewari,1988) representing time dependent balls of perfect fluid  with matter-radiation in general relativity to assume the life time of quasar 107 years, initial mass≈108M with an initial linear dimension≈1015 cm are radiating energy at a constant rate i.e. L∞=1047 ergs/sec  with the gravitational  red shift, z=0.44637.  For quasars with LQSO~1046erg/sec, the black hole masses in those systems must be at least 108 solar masses (Astro 3830: Spring 2004). In the present work, we have calculated the radiative efficiency of black holes existing in AGN by using the formula L/Mc2 (Narayan2005, Xie & Yuan 2012) and compared our results regarding some characteristics of super massive black holes with some other works given in references like Astro 3830:Spring (2004), Narayan (2005), Xie & Yuan (2012) and Chan (2013) and concluded that the mass of black holes never be greater than 5×109 M⊙ as well as the radiative efficiency of  black hole is smaller than the same mass of quasars.
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
ER  -

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