Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios

Khalid A. Albis; Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad; Muhammad N. Radhwi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

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Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios

Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi

Published in American Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4-1)

Received: 31 May 2015 Accepted: 1 June 2015 Published: 15 June 2015

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Abstract

Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.

Published in	American Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire, Energy and Thermal Real-Life Challenges
DOI	10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
Page(s)	72-78
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fire Dynamics Simulation, Smoke Propagation, Evacuation, Shopping Center (Mall)

References

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[2]	G. Proulx, "Occupant Behaviour and Evacuation", 9th International Fire Protection Symposium, Munich, 25-26 May 2001.
[3]	D. A. Samochine, K. Boyce, and T. J. Shields, "An Investigation into Staff Behaviour in Unannounced Evacuations of Retail Stores-Implications for Training and Fire Safety Engineering", Fire Safety Science 8, pp. 519-530, 2005. Doi: 10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.8-519.
[4]	L. Qiang, and J. Hong-yu, "The Study on Safety Evaluation of Evacuation in a Large Supermarket", 5th Conference on Performance-based Fire and Fire Protection Engineering, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 11, pp. 273-279, 2011. Doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.657.
[5]	R. F. Fahy, G. Proulx, and L. Aiman, "Panic or not in Fire: Clarifying the Misconception", Fire and Materials, Special Issue on Human Behaviour in Fire, Vol. 36, No. 5-6, pp. 328-338, Oct. 2012.
[6]	K. Fridolf, D. Nilsson, and H. Frantzich, "Fire Evacuation in Underground Transportation Systems: A Review of Accidents and Empirical Research", Fire Technology, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 451-475, April 2013.
[7]	A. L. da Silva, "Study of Building Fire Evacuation and Geometric Modeling Based on Continuous Model FDS+AVEC", European Scientific Journal, May 2014, SPECIAL/ edition ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431.
[8]	M. Xi, and S. P. Smith, "Exploring the Reuse of Fire Evacuation Behaviour in Virtual Environments", Proceedings of the 11th Australasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment (IE 2015), Vol. 27, p. 30, 2015.
[9]	Y. Chen, Y. Cai, P. Li, and G. Zhang, "Study on Evacuation Evaluation in Subway Fire Based on Pedestrian Simulation Technology", Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Vol. 2015, 2015.
[10]	X. Che, Y. Niu, B. Shui, J. Fu, G. Fei, P. Goswami, and Y. Zhang, "A Novel Simulation Framework Based on Information Asymmetry to Evaluate Evacuation Plan", The Visual Computer, May 2015.
[11]	J. Kang, I.-J. Jeong, and J.-B. Kwun, "Optimal Facility-Final Exit Assignment Algorithm for Building Complex Evacuation", Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 85, pp. 169-176, July 2015.
[12]	M. T. Kinateder, E. D. Kuligowski, P. A. Reneke, and R. D. Peacock, "Risk Perception in Fire Evacuation Behavior Revisited: Definitions, Related Concepts, and Empirical Evidence", Fire Science Reviews, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1-26, 2015.

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Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi. (2015). Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 3(4-1), 72-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

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ACS Style

Khalid A. Albis; Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad; Muhammad N. Radhwi. Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. Am. J. Energy Eng. 2015, 3(4-1), 72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

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AMA Style

Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi. Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. Am J Energy Eng. 2015;3(4-1):72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15,
  author = {Khalid A. Albis and Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad and Muhammad N. Radhwi},
  title = {Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios},
  journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4-1},
  pages = {72-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
  abstract = {Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios
AU  - Khalid A. Albis
AU  - Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad
AU  - Muhammad N. Radhwi
Y1  - 2015/06/15
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
T2  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 72
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-163X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
AB  - Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4-1
ER  -

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Author Information

Khalid A. Albis

Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad

Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Muhammad N. Radhwi

Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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APA Style

Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi. (2015). Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 3(4-1), 72-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

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ACS Style

Khalid A. Albis; Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad; Muhammad N. Radhwi. Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. Am. J. Energy Eng. 2015, 3(4-1), 72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

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AMA Style

Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi. Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. Am J Energy Eng. 2015;3(4-1):72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15,
  author = {Khalid A. Albis and Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad and Muhammad N. Radhwi},
  title = {Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios},
  journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4-1},
  pages = {72-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
  abstract = {Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios
AU  - Khalid A. Albis
AU  - Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad
AU  - Muhammad N. Radhwi
Y1  - 2015/06/15
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
T2  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 72
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-163X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
AB  - Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4-1
ER  -

Copy | Download